Please answer the following questions below in complete sentences in essay format. Your responses to the essay topics should be presented in two double-spaced paragraphs.

1.  The third major feature of language is pragmatics.  Using examples, explain the role of pragmatics in human speech.

2.  Describe the pros and cons of different ideas about the origins of language, including the difficulties involved in establishing evidence for any one perspective.

3.  Explain the four stages of creativity that are generally recognized by cognitive psychologists. Illustrate each stage based on a single conceivable problem you might like to pursue. (HINT: approach the four stages in groups of twofirst and second stages in paragraph 1, and the third and fourth stages in paragraph 2.) 

4.  In the context of conditional reasoning and cognitive constraints on conditional reasoning, (1.) Define the confirmation bias in general terms, providing salient examples. (2.) Describe and explain the types of belief confirmation related to political climate, again providing relevant examples.