Question 1

What is the main difference between protists and bacteria?

A.

Bacteria have DNA, protists do not.

B.

Protists have a nucleus, bacteria do not

C.

Bacteria are always gram-negative, protists are gram-positive

D.

Protists are unicellular, bacteria are multicellular.

E.

Protists cannot cause infections, bacteria can

Question 2

Of the following, which kingdom contains the most diversity in terms of DNA sequences?

A.

Protista

B.

Plantae

C.

All of these are approximately equivalently diverse.

D.

Fungi

E.

Animalia

Question 3

During which geological era did Pangea break apart?

A.

Mesozoic

B.

Archean

C.

Proterozoic

D.

Cenozoic

E.

Paleozoic

Question 4

In bacteria, the cell wall is composed mainly of

A.

various polysaccharides.

B.

proteins.

C.

peptidoglycans.

D.

glycoproteins.

E.

lipids.

Question 5

Oxygen built up in the atmosphere approximately 2 billion years ago and

A.

could not have occurred without the oxygen coming from outer space.

B.

occurred because aerobic organisms required the oxygen.

C.

occurred due to carbon dioxide being split by lightning strikes.

D.

helped to form the ozone layer that is so important to life today.

E.

destroyed ozone forming more oxygen.

Question 6

Prions are composed of

A.

RNA.

B.

DNA, RNA, and protein.

C.

DNA and protein.

D.

protein.

E.

DNA.

Question 7

The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells are descended from captured

A.

eukaryotic algae.

B.

chemoautotrophic bacteria.

C.

aerobic bacteria.

D.

archaebacteria.

E.

cyanobacteria.

Question 8

All but one of the following are false regarding protists. Identify the true statement.

A.

Protists are prokaryotic.

B.

Most protists are single-celled organisms; some are multicellular.

C.

All protists are single-celled organisms.

D.

Protists do not have the ability to move on their own.

E.

Protists have cell walls composed mainly of peptidoglycans.

Question 9

Which form of bacterial cells is rod shaped?

A.

vibrios

B.

spirilla

C.

bacilli

D.

cocci

E.

rhodius

Question 10

Paleontologists have found fossils dating back 3.6 billion years. These closely resemble

A.

fungi.

B.

today?s simplest plants.

C.

small invertebrate animals.

D.

blue-green algae present today.

E.

nothing alive today.

Question 11

Eukaryotic cells are thought to have

A.

appeared about 2.1 billion years ago.

B.

developed when mitochondria grew much larger in size that they had been previously.

C.

evolved before prokaryotic cells.

D.

first appeared as parts of multicellular organisms.

E.

first appeared with tough cell walls.

Question 12

What term is used to indicate a characteristic that is shared and inherited from a common ancestor?

A.

cladistic trait

B.

homologous trait

C.

outgroups

D.

analogous trait

E.

derived trait

Question 13

Kelps are a form of what group of protists?

A.

slime molds

B.

brown algae

C.

dinoflagellates

D.

ciliates

E.

water molds

Question 14

Endospores form

A.

to produce two offspring from every one parental cell.

B.

as a means of genetic recombination.

C.

in response to adverse conditions.

D.

during binary fission.

E.

when the environmental conditions are favorable.

Question 15

The Cambrian Explosion provided a wealth of fossil remains for scientists to uncover. Many of the animals from this time period had tough skins or shells. This would

A.

protect the animal from osmotic pressure.

B.

protect the animal from predators.

C.

make these animals more desirable to predators.

D.

allow the animals to move into different environments easily.

E.

be a disadvantage for these organisms and lead to their death and fossil formation.

Question 16

Some bacteria can form resting structures called ___________ that can withstand extremes in temperature, moisture, and radiation.

A.

symbionts

B.

viroids

C.

endospores

D.

capsids

E.

prions

Question 17

Rickettsias belong to which major group of bacteria?

A.

viruses

B.

cyanobacteria

C.

spirochetes

D.

proteobacteria

E.

Archaea

Question 18

When taxonomists classify organisms using a phylogenetic approach, they are most concerned with

A.

outgroups.

B.

ancestral traits.

C.

cladists.

D.

ingroups.

E.

derived traits.

Question 19

Atmospheric chemists think that Earth?s first atmosphere

A.

consisted of carbon in the form of carbon monoxide.

B.

contained nitrogen in the form of ammonia and nitrogen gas.

C.

was very similar to today?s atmosphere.

D.

contained no oxygen atoms.

E.

consisted of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide.

Question 20

Most bacteria are

A.

photoautotrophs.

B.

heterotrophs.

C.

symbionts.

D.

microbial predators.

E.

chemoautotrophs.

Question 21

This characteristic allows fungi to withstand heat and drought conditions.

A.

mycelia

B.

spores

C.

cell walls

D.

specialized organelles

E.

hyphae

Question 22

Lichens are

A.

insensitive to changes in the environment.

B.

capable of causing some obscure diseases.

C.

parasitic interactions between a fungus and an alga.

D.

only found growing on living matter.

E.

symbiotic associations between a fungus and an alga.

Question 23

Green algae such as Ulva demonstrate an alteration of generations. The diploid phase is called the

A.

gametophyte generation.

B.

diploid generation.